| Grade Name | Available Grades |
|---|---|
|
Austenitic |
303, 321, 304/304L, 347, 316/316L, 316Ti
|
|
Martensitic |
410, 420, 416, 440C
|
|
Precipitation Hardening |
15-5PH, 17-4PH |
|
Duplex & Super Duplex |
31803/32205, 32750/32760, 31254, 31255, XM-19, 13-8 MO, 904L
|
Alloy 303 is a non-magnetic, austenitic stainless steel that is not hardenable by heat treatment. It is the free machining modification of the basic 18% chromium / 8% nickel stainless steel. Alloy 303 was specially designed to exhibit improved machinability while maintaining good mechanical and corrosion resistant properties Due to the presence of sulfur in the steel composition, Alloy 303 is the most readily machineable austenitic stainless steel; however, the sulfur addition does lower Alloy 303’s corrosion resistance to below that of Alloy 304. Like other austenitic grades, Alloy 303 demonstrates excellent toughness, although the sulfur does reduce this a little as well.
| % | Cr | Ni | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
303 |
min: 17.0
max:19.0
|
min: 8.0
max: 10.0
|
0.15
max
|
1.00
max
|
2.0
max
|
0.20
max
|
0.15 min |
0.75 |
304 is the original “18-8” stainless. It is produced in greater quantity than any other austenitic stainless steel. 304 provides useful resistance to corrosion in many environments ranging from moderately reducing to moderately oxidizing. Through the controlled addition of nitrogen, it is common for 304L to meet the mechanical properties of 304 straight grade. As a result, most products are dual certified as 304 and 304/304 L
| % | C | Mn | P | S | Si |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
304 |
.08
|
2.00
|
.045
|
.030
|
1.00 |
|
304L |
.035
|
2.00
|
.045
|
.030
|
1.00 |
316 and 316/L (UNS S31600 & S31603) are molybdenum-bearing austenitic stainless steels. The 316/316L stainless steel bar, rod and wire alloy also offer higher creep, and tensile strength at elevated temperatures, in addition to excellent corrosion resistance and strength properties. 316/L refers to the lower carbon content to allow for greater corrosion protection when welding.
Its primary alloying constituents after iron, are chromium (between 16–18%), nickel (10–12%) and molybdenum (2–3%), with small (<1%) quantities of silicon, phosphorus & sulfur also present. The addition of molybdenum provides greater corrosion resistance than 304, with respect to localized corrosive attack by chlorides and to general corrosion by reducing acids, such as sulfuric acid.[1] 316L grade is the low carbon version of 316 stainless steel. When cold worked, 316 can produce high yield and tensile strengths similar to Duplex stainless grades
Certified to UNS 31803, UNS S32205 and Werkstoff 1.4462 (also in accordance to 2205), Duplex Stainless Steel 31803 has a microstructure split approximately 50-50 Austenitic and ferrite. As such, it demonstrates properties of both Austenitic and ferritic, characterised by high yield strength, good fatigue strength and excellent corrosion resistance.
Typical Application :
| Cr | Ni | Mo | C | Mn | N | Si | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Min |
24.50 |
6.00
|
3.00 |
|
0.50 |
0.24
|
0.10 |
|
|
Max |
26.00 |
8.00 |
5.00 |
0.03 |
1.20 |
0.32 |
0.80 |
0.035 |
S32750 and S32760 are both super duplex stainless steels (SDSS). As such, their microstructure is a combination of austenitic and ferritic grains, which imparts the most favourable properties of each. They are based upon a 25% chromium content (25Cr), but differences in their mechanical properties, physical properties and composition are small. Both grades achieve a PREN (pitting resistance equivalent number) of more than 40, and a minimum yield strength of 80ksi.
| Cr | Ni | Mo | W | Cu | Mn | N | Si | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Min |
24.00 |
6.00
|
3.00 |
0.50 |
0.50 |
|
0.20 |
0.10 |
|
Max |
26.00 |
8.00 |
4.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
1.00 |
0.30 |
0.80 |
17-4PH (UNS S17400) is an Age Hardened Martensitic Stainless Steel with excellent machinability and good corrosion resistance. The material can be hardened to different strength levels to accommodate the specified requirements of the designed component. It can be heat treated at various temperatures (as per mechanical properties )
| % | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
17-4PH |
0.07 Max
|
1.00 Max |
0.040 Max |
0.030 Max |
1.00 Max |
3.0-5.0 |
15.0-17.5 |
3.00-5.00 |
Alloy 15-5 is a precipitation hardening alloy exhibiting high strength and hardness with moderate corrosion resistance. Alloy 15-5 is a variant of the older 17-4 and 15-5 was designed to have greater toughness than S17400, especially in the through-thickness (short transverse) direction. Alloy 15-5 is used in applications that require high transverse strength and toughness such as engine parts, aircraft components, nuclear reactor components etc.
| % | C | Si | Mn | P+S max | Cr | Ni | Cu | Cb | Mo |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
15-5PH |
0.07
|
1.0 |
1.0 |
0.03P
0.015S |
14.0-15.50 |
3.50-4.50 |
2.50-4.50 |
0.45 |
0.50 |
Grade 410 stainless steels are general-purpose martensitic stainless steels containing 11.5% chromium, which provide good corrosion resistance properties. However, the corrosion resistance of grade 410 steels can be further enhanced by a series of processes such as hardening, tempering and polishing. Quenching and tempering can harden grade 410 steels. They are generally used for applications involving mild corrosion, heat resistance and high strength.
Martensitic stainless steels are fabricated using techniques that require final heat treatment. These grades are less resistant to corrosion when compared to that of austenitic grades. Their operating temperatures are often affected by their loss of strength at high temperatures, due to over-tempering and loss of ductility at sub-zero temperatures.
| C | Mn | Si | P | S | Cr | Ni | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Min |
|
|
|
|
|
11.5 |
0.75 |
|
Max |
0.15 |
1 |
1 |
0.04 |
0.03 |
13.5 |
0.75 |
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